Reading Passage

Global warming is the gradual increase in the Earth’s average temperature over a long period of time. This increase happens mainly because of human activities, such as burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas. When these fuels are burned, they release greenhouse gases—especially carbon dioxide—into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, making the planet warmer, much like a blanket traps warmth around the body.

Climate change is the broader result of global warming. It refers not only to rising temperatures but also to long-term changes in weather patterns around the world. Because of climate change, many regions are now experiencing more extreme weather events. Some areas face frequent floods due to heavy rainfall, while others suffer from long droughts where rain is very limited. Heatwaves are becoming more intense and more common, making summers hotter and more dangerous for human health.

One of the most serious effects of climate change is the rise in sea levels. As global temperatures increase, glaciers and polar ice caps melt, adding more water to the oceans. Rising sea levels threaten coastal cities and island nations, putting millions of people at risk of losing their homes. Climate change also harms biodiversity. Many plants and animals cannot adapt quickly to changing temperatures, leading to habitat loss and even extinction.

Scientists around the world warn that if greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced, the effects of climate change will become more severe. To address this problem, many countries are investing in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These energy sources produce less pollution and help reduce emissions. Governments and organizations are also working together through global agreements to limit temperature rise and protect the environment.

However, governments alone cannot solve this problem. Public awareness and education play a very important role. When people understand how their daily choices affect the environment, they are more likely to adopt eco-friendly habits. Sustainable living—such as reducing waste, saving energy, using public transportation, and recycling—can make a real difference. By working together and making responsible choices, we can protect our planet and ensure a healthier Earth for future generations.

Vocabulary Table (English → বাংলা অর্থ + Synonym)